Endocrine Abstracts

Case history: A 67 year-old male was referred from GP to Endocrine clinic due to incidental high Calcium level in a routine bone profile. Adjusted Serum Calcium was 2.69 mmol/l. In Endocrine clinic, a detailed history was taken. The patient denied all symptoms of hypercalcemia.Past medical history: Alcohol-related cirrhosis (complicated with Varices banded by OGD), Diverticular disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia.<p class=...

Background: Adrenal crisis is a potentially life-threatening situation which can affect any patient with adrenal insufficiency (AI). Patients with AI and healthcare professionals looking after them should know the sick day rules and when and how to use parenteral hydrocortisone. Patient stories and feedback from patients with AI indicated low standards locally. We therefore aimed to empower patients through education and provide them with a hydrocortisone emergency kit.<p ...

Case history: Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) which was first described in 1902 is characterised by episodes of painless muscle weakness, hypokalaemia and thyrotoxicosis without any total body potassium deficit. It predominantly affects people of Asian descent between 20 and 40 years old with a 2 percent incidence compared to 0.2 percent in non-Asian descent. The pathogenesis of TPP is related to an increase Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the skeletal muscle leading to an influ...

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early detection may influence the clinical management of the patients. There is insufficient data about the prevalence and clinical significance of thyroid dysfunction in cardiovascular hospitalized patients.Aims: To study the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in cardiovascular hospitalized patients, to characterize patients with high prevalence of thyroi...

The zonation of the human adrenal cortex has long been established morphologically and histologically as three distinct layers of cells. The outer zona glomerulosa (ZG) comprises densely packed cells arranged in clusters that produce aldosterone; the zona fasciculata (ZF) is composed of cells with large cytoplasm, containing lipid droplets arranged in radial columns that synthetize cortisol; and the zona reticularis is composed of compact and pigmented cells producing androgen...

Introduction: The formation of oxidative stress in the biological reaction of inflammation is accompanied by the formation of methylglyoxal (MG), which initiates the glycosylation reaction of proteins. When hyperglycemia MG content significantly increased. MG interacts with the amino groups of lysine and arginine to form further glycation end products (CNG). Glycation is due to the ability of glucose to form irreversible chemical compounds of CNG with amino groups of proteins....

Introduction: Retinol binding protein (RSP) is a member of the adipokine family associated with insulin resistance (IR). With an excess of free fatty acids, the binding of insulin by hepatocyte receptors decreases and hyperinsulinemia develops. RSP is a transport protein for retinol, synthesized in hepatocytes and adipocytes. The level of RSP increased in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) correlated positively with the sever...

Background: It is known that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be a part of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome and be combined with endocrine diseases.Objectives: To study the effects of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) on the clinical and laboratory manifestations of RA.Methods: The study included two groups of patients. The first group of patients included 24 patients (20 women and 4 men, mean age - 68.37±1...

Purpose of the study: Assess the criteria for early diagnosis of the risk of developing diabetic foot syndrome as a microvasculature using laser Doppler flowmetry and tissue metabolism using fluorescence spectroscopy in diabetic patients.Materials and methods: The studies are carried out with the help of the Laser Diagnostic LASMA ST Apparatus ‘(OOO NPP’ LAZMA’, Moscow) on the plantar surface of the big toe in three stages: resting state -...

Somapacitan is a long-acting growth hormone (GH) intended for once-weekly subcutaneous administration. As for GH, the mechanism of action of somapacitan is either directly or indirectly via insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). A PK/PD model of somapacitan was developed from the pharmacokinetics (PK) and IGF-I levels from three phase 1 trials data: a single dose/multiple dose trial (0.02–0.24 mg/kg per week) in healthy adults, a multiple dose trial in adults with growth h...